Sigmund Freud was born Sigismund Schlomo Freud in 1856. Psychoanalysis is attributed to him and some of his techniques are still in use today. For example, the setting for therapy is a dimly-lit, quiet room. The patient relaxes on a couch and allows any thoughts in the subconscious mind to surface.
The patient used free association and was encouraged to talk about any inner thoughts. According to Freud, resistance involved suppressing any thoughts the subconscious considered bad. A Freudian slip occurs when someone inadvertently misuses a word in a way that expresses true thought.
When a catharsis occurred it was a good thing. It brought out all repressed thoughts, which could then be discussed and dealt with. This allowed the patient to understand and resolve any neuroses that existed.
Psychoanalysis could stretch out for years as the patient got in touch with all subconscious thought. According to Freud, the Oedipus complex had to be resolved. This was considered the child s love for the mother. It was necessary for the child to identify with the same-gender parent to bring this about.
There are five stages of development in the early years, oral, anal phallic, latent and genital. Everything relates back to sex in Freudian theory. He believed that unsuccessful resolution of the Oedipus complex was at the root of neurosis.
His other theories included the concept of the id, ego and superego. The id is the unconscious part of an individual. It is an unorganized group of drives and impulses operating on instinct alone.
The ego is the part of the individual that uses judgement, reality testing and intellectual functioning. The ego is organized and based on absoluteness. It is the ego that sets up defense mechanisms, which are said to cloak subconscious threatening impulses.
The sense of conscience resides in the superego. Feelings of guilt arise when the person acts in a way that is socially unacceptable. The theories proclaimed by Freud as the id, ego and superego make up the human mind. In psychoanalysis, an attempt is made to reconcile any neuroses and bring about harmony in the personality of the person undergoing therapy.
You can find more information about Dr. Jacques Marie E?mile Lacan and details about the benefits of consulting a psychoanalyst, now.
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